EdTech

Case Study: Job Portal Application

Developed Using Django and Angular 16 Framework

This case study explores the development of a job portal using Django for the backend and Angular 16 for the frontend. The project aims to connect job seekers with employers, providing a platform for posting and applying for jobs.

Project Overview

Application Name: JobConnect
Objective: To create a feature-rich job portal that allows employers to post job listings and job seekers to apply for jobs, with functionalities for user registration, profile management, job search, and application tracking.

Technologies Used

Frontend: Angular 16
Backend: Django
Database: PostgreSQL
Additional Tools: Django REST framework (for API development), Angular Material (for UI components), JWT (for authentication)

Architecture

Backend (Django):

Django serves as the backend, providing a RESTful API using Django REST framework.
PostgreSQL is used for the database, storing user data, job listings, and applications.
JWT is used for user authentication.

Frontend (Angular 16):

Angular 16 is used to create a dynamic and responsive user interface.
Angular Material is utilized for UI components and styling.
State management is handled using NgRx.

Application Features

User Features:

User Registration and Authentication:
- Users can register as job seekers or employers.
- Login and logout functionalities.
- JWT-based authentication to secure API endpoints.
Profile Management:
- Job seekers can create and update their profiles, including resume uploads.
- Employers can create and update company profiles.
Job Listings:
- Employers can post new job listings.
- Job seekers can browse and search for job listings.
- Filtering options based on job type, location, and category.
Job Applications:
- Job seekers can apply for jobs and track their applications.
- Employers can view and manage applications for their job postings.
Notifications:
- Email notifications for job applications and updates.
- In-app notifications for job updates and application status changes.

Implementation Details

Backend (Django)

Models:

User:

Handles authentication and profile information.
Job:

Stores job listing details.
Application:

Tracks job applications made by job seekers.

             
# models.py
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from django.db import models

class User(AbstractUser):
    is_employer = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_job_seeker = models.BooleanField(default=True)

class Job(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    description = models.TextField()
    company_name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    location = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    category = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    posted_by = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    posted_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

class Application(models.Model):
    job = models.ForeignKey(Job, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    applicant = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    applied_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=50, choices=[('Applied', 'Applied'), 
    ('Reviewed', 'Reviewed'), ('Accepted', 'Accepted'), ('Rejected', 'Rejected')], default='Applied')

Serializers

Convert model instances to JSON for API responses.


# serializers.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import User, Job, Application
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = '__all__'
class JobSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Job
        fields = '__all__'
class ApplicationSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Application
        fields = '__all__'

Views

Handle CRUD operations for users, jobs, and applications.

                
# views.py
from rest_framework import viewsets
from .models import User, Job, Application
from .serializers import UserSerializer, JobSerializer, ApplicationSerializer

class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer

class JobViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Job.objects.all()
    serializer_class = JobSerializer

class ApplicationViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Application.objects.all()
    serializer_class = ApplicationSerializer

URLs:

Define API endpoints

                
# urls.py
from django.urls import path, include
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from .views import UserViewSet, JobViewSet, ApplicationViewSet

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', UserViewSet)
router.register(r'jobs', JobViewSet)
router.register(r'applications', ApplicationViewSet)

urlpatterns = [
    path('api/', include(router.urls)),
]

Frontend (Angular 16)

Services:

Handle HTTP requests to the backend API.

                    
// job.service.ts
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
import { Job } from '../models/job.model';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class JobService {
  private apiUrl = 'http://localhost:8000/api/jobs/';
  constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }
  getJobs(): Observable {
    return this.http.get(this.apiUrl);
  }
  getJob(id: number): Observable {
    return this.http.get(`${this.apiUrl}${id}/`);
  }
  createJob(job: Job): Observable {
    return this.http.post(this.apiUrl, job);
  }
  updateJob(id: number, job: Job): Observable {
    return this.http.put(`${this.apiUrl}${id}/`, job);
  }
  deleteJob(id: number): Observable {
    return this.http.delete(`${this.apiUrl}${id}/`);
  }
}

Components:

Create views for different parts of the application.

                
// job-list.component.
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { JobService } from '../services/job.service';
import { Job } from '../models/job.model';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-job-list',
  templateUrl: './job-list.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./job-list.component.css']
})
export class JobListComponent implements OnInit {
  jobs: Job[] = [];

  constructor(private jobService: JobService) { }

  ngOnInit(): void {
    this.jobService.getJobs().subscribe((data: Job[]) => {
      this.jobs = data;
    });
  }
}

Routing:

Define application routes.

                
// app-routing.module.ts
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { RouterModule, Routes } from '@angular/router';
import { JobListComponent } from './components/job-list/job-list.component';
import { JobDetailComponent } from './components/job-detail/job-detail.component';

const routes: Routes = [
  { path: '', component: JobListComponent },
  { path: 'job/:id', component: JobDetailComponent }
];

@NgModule({
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
  exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule { }

Integration and Deployment

Backend Deployment:
- Deploy the Django backend on a server (e.g., AWS, Heroku).
- Ensure the database (PostgreSQL) is set up and configured properly.
Frontend Deployment:
- Build the Angular application using ng build.
- Deploy the build output to a web server (e.g., Netlify, Vercel).
API Integration:
- Configure Angular services to point to the deployed backend A
Security:
- Implement SSL/TLS for secure data transmission.
- Use environment variables to manage sensitive information (e.g., API keys).

Conclusion:

This case study demonstrates how to develop a job portal using Django and Angular 16, following a structured approach with clear separation of concerns. The combination of Django's robust backend capabilities and Angular's dynamic frontend provides a powerful platform for building scalable and maintainable web applications. By implementing features such as user authentication, job listings, and application management, the JobConnect application serves as a comprehensive example of a modern job portal.

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